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Here’s Every Major 2026 Ballot Initiative You Need To Know About

The Federalist has assembled a list of the biggest 2026 ballot initiatives to help inform voters of what’s at stake this election season.

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The 2026 midterm elections have arrived, and with them, some of the biggest policy battles in the country. In addition to hotly contested races among candidates, many voters are being asked to weigh in on pivotal statewide ballot initiatives that will govern the future of their states.

While too numerous to list in one article, The Federalist has compiled the biggest measures on the 2026 ballot to help inform voters of what’s at stake this election season.

In Idaho, state law criminalizes abortion except in cases of documented rape, incest, or danger to a mother’s life. Proposition 1 seeks to create a vague “right to reproductive freedom and privacy” for “every person.” The ballot measure would redefine “medical emergency,” allow anyone — not just licensed health care providers — to perform abortions, and remove punishment for those who perform abortions. Opponents of Prop 1 warn that its expanded definition of fetal viability could “block lifesaving care” for babies born prematurely and open the door for “painful, late-term abortions.”

64 Idaho doctors have now signed an open letter opposing Prop 1.Listen to the facts, not the rhetoric. Prop 1 is too extreme for Idaho. Vote no! pic.twitter.com/LxHqWQEXtc— Idaho GOP (@IdahoGOP) September 29, 2026

64 Idaho doctors have now signed an open letter opposing Prop 1.Listen to the facts, not the rhetoric. Prop 1 is too extreme for Idaho. Vote no! pic.twitter.com/LxHqWQEXtc

In Nevada, voters already supported a ballot question to enshrine unlimited abortion in their state constitution in 2024 after left-wing activists flooded their ballot measure battles with dark money. In accordance with state law, however, voters must reexamine and approve Question 6 again in 2026 for a “fundamental right to an abortion” to be adopted. Abortion in Nevada is currently permitted at any point of pregnancy as long as “the physician has reasonable cause to believe an abortion is necessary to preserve the life or health of the pregnant person.”

In Virginia, Constitutional Amendment Question 1 was pitched to commonwealth voters as a means to protect their freedom to make decisions about “prenatal care, childbirth, postpartum care, birth control, abortion, miscarriage management, and fertility care.” In reality, if passed, Question 1 enshrines underage abortions by unlicensed butchers, surrogacy, transgenderism, and unlimited abortion until birth in the state constitution.

As Jordan Sekulow, the executive director of the American Center for Law and Justice, recently noted, the Virginia ballot might claim that third-trimester restrictions “could apply unless the patient’s ‘health is at risk,'” but “the actual constitutional language specifically protects abortions that a physician determines are medically indicated to protect the woman’s ‘physical or mental health’ — an extremely broad standard.”

[READ: Amendments Would Put Surrogacy, Transgenderism, And Abortion Up To Birth In Virginia Constitution]

Meanwhile, Missouri voters will consider Amendment 3, which seeks to repeal the state’s recent pro-abortion constitutional amendment passed by voters. The first Amendment 3, a controversial and legally questionable “right to reproductive freedom,” narrowly passed in November 2024, 51.6 percent to 48.4 percent. Activists quickly weaponized the sweeping language to target parental consent protections for minors seeking to abort a baby, which requires parental permission or an explicit judicial override under Missouri law.

The 2026 election’s Amendment 3 asks Missourians to repeal the 2024 constitutional amendment. The text also clarifies exceptions for abortions and, in an effort to counter disinformation, confirms treatment for “miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies, and other medical emergencies” is not prohibited. Amendment 3 also “prohibits gender transition surgeries and the prescription of cross-sex hormones or puberty-blocking drugs to minors.”

In Alaska (Measure 3), Arizona (Proposition 144), Arkansas (Issue 1), Kansas, South Dakota (Amendment J), and West Virginia, voters will be asked to consider measures specifying that only qualified U.S. citizens may vote in their respective........

© The Federalist