Students who use ChatGPT frequently score significantly worse on standard critical thinking tests, and surveys of 494 students found heavier AI users reported more memory loss.

A growing body of research suggests that offloading mental labour to chatbots may weaken the very cognitive skills humans need to think deeply, create originally, and remember what matters.

Adam Green, professor of neuroscience and director of the Laboratory for Relational Cognition at Georgetown University, warns that outsourcing cognitive tasks damages the........

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