Whenever a philosophical idea travelled from one culture to another, whenever a scientific discovery reached a distant society, or whenever a poem written in one language touched the heart of a reader speaking another, translation was present somewhere in the journey.

Translation, therefore, is much more than replacing words in one language with words in another.

Translation enables these shared human experiences to travel from one language to another, from one culture to another, and from one generation to the next.

There are achievements in human history that change the destiny of civilizations without making noise. They leave no ruins behind, demand no statues, and march under no flags. Translation is one such achievement. Quietly, patiently and persistently, it has carried ideas across borders, introduced cultures to one another, preserved memories and enabled human beings to enter worlds beyond the boundaries of their own languages.

The story of civilization is, in many ways, also the story of translation. Whenever a philosophical idea travelled from one culture to another, whenever a scientific discovery reached a distant society, or whenever a poem written in one language touched the heart of a reader speaking another, translation was present somewhere in the journey.

Translation, therefore, is much more than replacing words in one language with words in another. It is the transportation of thought. It carries imagination, knowledge, emotion, history, philosophy and cultural memory from one linguistic shore to another. It is an intellectual bridge over the vast river of human difference.

The International Day of Translation, observed on 30 September, gives us an opportunity to reflect upon this remarkable human enterprise and upon the translators whose contribution often remains hidden behind the names of authors, scholars and thinkers. In an increasingly interconnected world, translation is not an optional luxury. It is one of the fundamental instruments through which humanity shares its knowledge.

Translation: The Bridge Across Civilisations

Every language is a world in itself. It contains the memories of its people, the wisdom of its elders, the humour of ordinary life, the poetry of its landscape and the philosophical assumptions through which its speakers understand existence. A language is therefore not merely a system of grammar and vocabulary; it is a living archive of civilisation.

When knowledge remains confined to one language, its reach remains limited. Translation opens the door. It allows an idea born in one cultural environment to enter another without necessarily destroying its identity.

History offers countless examples. During the Abbasid period, Baghdad became a major centre of intellectual activity, where works associated with Greek, Persian and Indian traditions were translated into Arabic and studied by scholars. Philosophy, mathematics, medicine and astronomy travelled across linguistic boundaries. Thinkers encountered the intellectual inheritance of earlier civilisations, questioned it, expanded it and passed it forward.

The subsequent movement of Arabic scholarship into Latin........

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