Modi’s Leadership and Hindutva Ideology Undermine Constitutional Democracy: The article argues that the current regime promotes authoritarian centralization, personality cults, institutional weakening, and democratic deficits, using propaganda like “If not Modi, then who?” to dismiss alternatives and accountability.

Constitutional Framework Provides Clear Alternatives: Under Article 75(1) and parliamentary conventions, any Indian citizen commanding majority support in the Lok Sabha can become Prime Minister, regardless of background. The Preamble’s emphasis on collective sovereignty, justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity offers a foundation for collective leadership rather than strongman rule.

Collective Leadership Rooted in the Constitution Is the Solution: India needs governance guided by constitutional ethos, institutional checks, and people-centered collective decision-making—not Hindutva’s ethnonationalist project or Eurocentric strongman models—to address crises of development, welfare, poverty, and unemployment while deepening democratic citizenship.

Indian politics and its constitutional democratic praxis are passing through a very difficult time, as the Hindutva regime and its hegemonic fascist ideology creates upheavals—under the leadership of Prime Minister (PM) Mr. Narendra Modi, who is currently in power—does not believe in constitutional parliamentary democratic accountability. Such a situation creates disharmony and tensions between the government, the governed, and constitutional governance. Such tensions create various forms of crisis that breeds authoritarian conditions concomitant with the requirements of Hindutva fascism, which is a........

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