EVERY year on April 7, the world observes World Health Day, marking the founding of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948.

This day serves as a reminder that health is not merely the absence of disease but a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of sustainable development. For Pakistan, World Health Day is both a moment of reflection and a call to action—an opportunity to assess our progress, confront persistent challenges and renew our commitment to building a healthier nation. Pakistan has made notable strides in public health over the past decades. Life expectancy has increased, polio cases have dramatically declined and expanded immunization efforts have reached millions of children. Initiatives like the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), maternal and child health programs and disease surveillance systems have strengthened the country’s health infrastructure. However, these gains remain uneven and significant gaps persist, particularly in rural and underserved areas.

One of the most pressing challenges Pakistan faces is the dual burden of disease. On one hand, communicable diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis, dengue and malaria continue to pose serious threats. Pakistan remains among the high-burden countries for tuberculosis and hepatitis B and C infections affect millions. On the other hand, non-communicable diseases (NCDs)—including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory conditions—are rapidly........

© Pakistan Observer