SOON after the devastating Second World War, which buried the League of Nations under its debris, the victorious powers established the United Nations to maintain peace and “save succeeding generations from the scourge of war.” Nevertheless, the Cold War between the US and the Soviet Union gave birth to numerous regional conflicts. The frequent use of the veto by powerful states ultimately weakened the world body, rendering it increasingly powerless.

In September, world leaders gathered in New York to address the General Assembly on restoring durable peace. Most called for an end to the wars in the Middle East and Ukraine and advocated peaceful settlements of international disputes. Yet, after eight decades, the UN’s failures remain as significant as its achievements, with armed conflicts continuing across the world. Much attention centred on US President Donald Trump’s address. Although his tone differed from last year’s speech, his remarks remained belligerent. His........

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