PUNJAB, Pakistan’s most populous province, faces a serious environmental challenge. Rapid urbanization, growing traffic, industrial activity, construction, waste burning and other human activities have contributed to deteriorating air quality. Major cities, including Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Multan and Rawalpindi, frequently experience unhealthy pollution levels, particularly during winter. Smog has become a recurring phenomenon, affecting daily life, economic activity and, most importantly, public health. Against this backdrop, the Punjab Government’s initiative to address environmental pollution and move towards a “Pollution-Free Punjab” is timely and welcome. Controlling vehicular emissions, strengthening environmental monitoring and enforcing standards can help improve air quality while raising public awareness about the link between environmental conditions and human health.

The health consequences of air pollution are considerable. Fine particulate matter and other pollutants can penetrate deep into the respiratory system and, in some cases, enter the bloodstream. Prolonged exposure can aggravate respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. Children, the elderly and people with existing health problems are particularly vulnerable.........

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