The U.S. is preparing to launch its first nuclear-powered interplanetary spacecraft, a mission NASA says will mark a major step toward extending human exploration deeper into the solar system while delivering a new fleet of robotic helicopters to the surface of Mars.

The mission, called Space Reactor-1 Freedom, or SR-1 Freedom, is targeting a launch in December 2028. NASA describes it as humanity's first fission-powered interplanetary spacecraft, designed to demonstrate nuclear electric propulsion in deep space for the first time.

What the mission will do

SR-1 Freedom will use a nuclear fission reactor to generate electricity that powers the spacecraft's electric thrusters, an approach NASA says is far more efficient for long-duration missions than traditional chemical propulsion. According to NASA's Program Executive of Fission Surface Power, Steve Sinacore, the reactor is expected to power on within 48 hours of launch and will take approximately one year to reach Mars.

The reactor itself will generate roughly 20 kilowatts of electricity using high-assay low-enriched uranium fuel, with heat transferred through a system of heat pipes and a boron carbide radiation shield protecting the rest of the spacecraft. An advanced closed Brayton-cycle power conversion system will convert the reactor's heat into electricity, while a lightweight composite and titanium radiator system handles heat rejection. The spacecraft's electric propulsion system is designed to operate at up to 48 kilowatts.

Much of the........

© International Business Times