Also by Pavithra Manivannan

Artificial Intelligence is coming to India’s courts, not as a distant possibility but as an active policy question. This June, the Supreme Court published draft regulations for the use of AI in courts for public comments. They govern how AI may be used across the entire judiciary, create institutions to oversee their adoption and prescribe approval processes for AI systems.

But courts are only beginning to use AI, and no one fully understands yet how it will behave in practice. These regulations will need to evolve as experience accumulates.

The more important question, then, is whether the foundations are right. Two things in particular are hard to reverse once set, and will shape the integrity of everything that follows. Both need to be answered before AI enters the courtroom.

The first is about institutions. Every wave of technology use in India’s judiciary has created a new governance body. Computerisation brought computer committees. AI is now producing an apex body, five standing committees, High Court AI committees, district AI........

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