The ongoing war in Sudan has created what the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) now describes as the largest displacement and protection crisis in the world. Three years after fighting erupted in April 2023, the scale of human suffering continues to grow, with more than 14 million people forced from their homes. The conflict has not only devastated communities inside Sudan but has also placed immense pressure on neighboring countries struggling to cope with the influx of refugees.

The war began as a power struggle between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). What initially appeared to be a political and military dispute quickly spiraled into a nationwide conflict marked by widespread violence against civilians. Reports from humanitarian agencies indicate a pattern of killings, sexual violence, and targeted attacks on ethnic groups. Entire neighborhoods have been destroyed, and fear has become a daily reality for millions of Sudanese citizens.

As the violence intensified, families fled in massive numbers. Today, nearly 12 million people remain displaced, including approximately 6.8 million who are internally displaced within Sudan. Many of these individuals have been forced to move multiple times as front lines shift and violence spreads into new regions. The situation for internally displaced persons is especially dire, as they often lack access to basic necessities such as clean water, food, and medical care.

Beyond Sudan’s borders, around 4.5 million people have sought refuge in neighboring countries, including Chad, Egypt, Libya, Ethiopia, South Sudan, Uganda, and the Central African Republic.........

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