As of this writing, there are at least 45 lawsuits pending against President Donald Trump and his subordinates. They range from challenges to Trump’s attempt to end birthright citizenship for many Americans, to suits intended to keep Trump from illegally cutting off federal spending, to challenges to Trump’s attempt to reduce the size of the federal workforce, to various suits pushing back on Trump’s orders targeting transgender Americans.

A number of these lawsuits have achieved some success. Just three days after Trump issued an executive order attacking birthright citizenship, for example, a federal judge in Seattle temporarily blocked it. Many of Trump’s efforts to “impound” funds that he does not wish to spend have also run into similar trouble in federal court.

Still, only the most naive legal analyst would conclude right now that the US constitutional system will survive Trump’s second term intact, or that the courts have definitively ruled that Trump’s agenda is in jeopardy. It is certainly possible that, when all of this litigation is over, Trump will face loss after unambiguous loss and be forced to give up many of his attempts to defy the Constitution. But it is far too soon to predict how all of these lawsuits will play out — or even if Trump will comply with any court orders against him.

To date, no appellate court — the mid-tier courts in the federal system — has weighed in on any of these cases, not to mention........

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