EVEN though talks in Islamabad between the US and Iran did not produce a deal, that they happened at all after five weeks of war was itself significant. There was no breakthrough but also no breakdown. Both delegations have gone back to their respective capitals to confer with their leaderships, who will decide the next steps. Neither side said talks broke down, which indicates the possibility of renewal of diplomatic engagement down the road. Backchannel communication is likely to continue. A fragile ceasefire is still in place and can of course be extended.

For Pakistan, it has been a high point in its diplomacy. Playing an unprecedented role as an intermediary between Tehran and Washington, Pakistan’s top military and civilian leadership helped to bring about a ceasefire in a war that was on the brink of entering its most dangerous phase. That role signified Pakistan’s geopolitical importance. Its diplomatic efforts to avert a protracted, wider conflict established the country as a middle power capable of shaping global geopolitics. It confirmed a new reality in global affairs — that the world has moved into an era of multipolarity in which middle powers not only wield increasing influence but can play a key role in war and peace.

The ceasefire agreement came about when the two warring parties wanted an off-ramp from the conflict and stepped back from their maximalist positions. Iran had previously said it would not agree to a temporary ceasefire and insisted on a comprehensive settlement for a lasting end to the war. It also said it would not open the Strait of Hormuz in return for a ceasefire.........

© Dawn