The 12th Global Baku Forum is currently underway in Azerbaijan’s capital, bringing together world leaders, policymakers, and experts to discuss one of the most pressing issues of our time—the transformation of global order in the face of multipolarity. Over the past 12 years, this forum has served as a key platform for fostering dialogue on major geopolitical and economic challenges, with Baku at the forefront of multilateral diplomacy.

The Russia-Ukraine war, which has been ongoing for over three years, has significantly impacted the system of international relations and fundamentally obstructs the development of a new political architecture. Global peace is under severe threat, as are issues concerning the security of people living in the Middle East, particularly the ongoing conflicts in Gaza and the Red Sea, the competition for economic supremacy between China and the United States, and hot spots of unresolved conflicts worldwide. As conflicts persist and new threats emerge, the established post-World War II order is showing visible cracks, struggling to address modern geopolitical realities.

One of the most striking examples of this shift is Europe’s changing security landscape. Once defined by decades of stability and economic prosperity, the continent is now facing renewed militarization amid uncertainty over continued U.S. support. The European Union, which long prioritized diplomacy over defense, is now redirecting resources to bolster its military capabilities—an approach Azerbaijan adopted nearly two decades ago in preparation for restoring its sovereignty. President Ilham Aliyev, in his address at the........

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