The greatest threat facing business today is not artificial intelligence. It is the illusion that AI is the whole challenge. Across the world, corporate boards are demanding AI strategies, CEOs are announcing AI initiatives, consultants are selling transformation programs, and investors are rewarding companies that present themselves as leaders in this new, emerging technology.

Yet many of these efforts address symptoms rather than causes. AI is not simply changing how companies operate. It is changing what a company fundamentally is. The real question is not whether corporations will use AI, but whether corporations designed for the industrial age can survive the intelligent age.

For more than a century, the modern corporation has been the dominant institution of economic life. Its basic architecture has remained remarkably stable: hierarchies, departments, planning cycles, management layers, reporting lines, and control systems. This model produced extraordinary prosperity. It mobilized capital, organized labor, created scale, and turned invention into global markets.

But every institution is ultimately a product of its time. The corporation was designed for a world in which information moved slowly, markets changed gradually, and competitive advantage could be defended for years. That world has gone.

For decades, management focused on efficiency: optimizing resources,........

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