THE wars in Ukraine and Russia, and between Iran, the US and Israel, have exhibited all the ways warfare has changed in the 21st century. Armies and dozens of aircraft carriers have been relegated to secondary status. Drones and missile induction in war have made these carriers extremely vulnerable. Abraham Lincoln withdrew. Massing up of armies and conventional air warfare have been left behind. Not that their importance is gone, but a new role has emerged. The extent of the battlefield is not confined or localized to a few axes. The whole country is at the mercy of missiles and drones. The consequent damage to civilian infrastructure, besides military targets, is enormous and devastating economically and torturously painful for human beings who shelter less or are killed within an hour. In one report, $600 billion in damage has occurred in Ukraine. Drone technology is advancing tremendously. It has new dimensions and introduces AI. It is cheaper compared to missiles worth millions of dollars.

The Iran-US MOU is digitally signed. The world has taken a sigh of relief. Fifteen countries were involved and the whole global economy is suffering. Unfortunately, America violated the signed accord soon after. It commenced massive attacks, causing damage to industrial and civilian infrastructure. US missiles are still going. Six months look like two years. Iran resisted through cheap drones and long-range missiles integrated with state-of-the-art target acquisition systems involving space. The hits were accurately aimed at........

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