HISTORY bears undeniable testimony that Pakistan has stood by Afghanistan through every trial—be it war or peace, turmoil or transition.

The bond between the two nations, tied by geography, faith, and centuries of shared heritage, has endured countless tests. Yet, among the many lessons history offers, one truth remains constant; while Pakistan has repeatedly extended its hand in friendship and fraternity, Afghanistan’s internal discord has too often undermined the path to lasting stability.

When the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan in 24 December 1979, it was Pakistan that became the frontline state defending not only its own sovereignty but also the freedom of its Muslim neighbour. Pakistan opened its borders to nearly four million Afghan refugees, offering them shelter, education, and dignity—an unprecedented act of generosity in modern times. Despite its own economic hardships, Pakistan bore this burden with patience and brotherhood, driven by Islamic compassion rather than political gain. The UNHCR has repeatedly described this as one of the largest and longest-running humanitarian operations in history.

Even after the Soviet completed his withdrawal in 15 February 1989, when the world abandoned Afghanistan, Pakistan remained steadfast. It continued to support the Afghan people in rebuilding their war-torn land, facilitating dialogue among rival factions and hosting successive rounds of peace talks. Pakistan’s role was not driven by ambition but by a sincere desire for regional peace—because an unstable Afghanistan has always meant an insecure Pakistan.

Afghanistan’s greatest tragedy, however, lies not only in........

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