DUBAI — More than five months after fighting between the United States, Israel and Iran triggered widespread airspace closures across the Middle East, most of the region's largest airports have reopened, though several are still operating under reduced schedules, security advisories or lingering infrastructure damage, according to airline and aviation-tracking data.

The disruption began in late February, when U.S. and Israeli strikes targeted military sites in Iran, prompting the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Iraq, Israel and Iran to close their airspace within days of each other. The closures grounded tens of thousands of flights and cut off some of the busiest transit hubs connecting Europe, Asia and Africa. Since then, airports across the region have moved through varying stages of recovery, with the pace and completeness of that recovery differing sharply from country to country.

Dubai International Airport, the region's busiest hub and one of the busiest airports in the world by international passenger traffic, has remained open throughout the more recent phases of the conflict, with Emirates and flydubai maintaining regular schedules through the end of July and into August. Several international carriers, including Turkish Airlines, have also restored service to Dubai, though others, including Air France, Singapore Airlines and Lufthansa Group carriers, have kept Dubai suspended into September or later as they continue monitoring regional conditions.

Abu Dhabi's Zayed International Airport has likewise remained largely operational,........

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