The world is in disorder and unrest due to the turbulence and war situation in the Middle East after the aggression of America and Israel against Iran. The Muslims are at the receiving end due to the fact that the wars are being fought on their soils killing innocent lives and spreading total chaos among the Muslims of the world. Amidst such a disastrous situation during the Holy month of Ramdhan, the Muslims need to submit before Allah to seek penance for their sins and pray for peace and solidarity among them which unfortunately has been lost long back and hence the divisions and rivalries emerging in the Muslim nations. In this kind of wary situation, Allah has bestowed us again with the blessings of the month of Ramdhan, in which the last ten days are the most blessed wherein by connecting with Allah one can achieve salvation and peace of mind and soul. During these last ten days, the observance of Itikaf has been commanded to us by Allah which has innumerable blessings and rewards ordained.

Itikaf, the act of secluding oneself in a mosque during the last ten days of Ramadan to focus entirely on worship, serves as a vital spiritual remedy for the modern challenges facing the Muslim community. While the Muslims face significant turmoil, including internal division, political fragmentation, and social upheaval, dangerous wars in the Middle East and other parts of the world, Itikaf acts as a security spigot to release the pressures of modern life, allowing individuals to reset their spiritual, mental, and emotional pose. Since the Muslim nations are facing widespread crises, Itikaf provides a necessary withdrawal from the clatter of the world to focus on Taqwa ‘Connecting to Allah’. It helps individuals transition from pandemonium to tranquility. By retreating from the material world—trading, buying, and selling—individuals are forced to focus on spiritual.

In a world where the Muslim civilization is plagued by, as described in some texts, tribulations similar to “mounting waves of the ocean”, Itikaf provides a sanctuary for peace and stability. In essence, Itikaf represents a spiritual, inward journey that prepares a Muslim to handle outward, social, and political turmoil. It serves as a reminder to turn back to faith as the source of strength and unity.

If our hard work wins the pleasure of Allah, there is no greater blessing than this. We should connect our hearts with Allah in such a way that one does not feel the need of reaching out to someone else. That is what “Itikaf” does for a Muslim in particular and human being in general. The word “Itikaf” is used in the Holy Quran in different forms such as “aakifun” or “al aakifeen” – it means confinement to a specific thing or place, or retreat and seclusion. But for a Muslim it means to confine oneself for some time in a mosque in order to stay there to worship or at least to withdraw oneself from worldly business.

Prophet Muhammad (SAW) used to perform Itikaf even before receiving the message. He was in seclusion in the cave of Hira when he received the message for the first time. While coming back from the city of Ta’if, he again performed this practice as Messenger in that same cave. He used to fast in Mecca even before the fasting in Ramadan became a binding. After fasting in Ramadan became obligatory, he used to perform “Itikaf” in the last ten days of Ramadan in the mosque. In the last year of his life, he did it for thirty days and nights.

“Itikaf” enables a person to reach a state of mental tranquility, quietude and spiritual peace, and purifies and sanctifies one’s inner self. Practicing of “Itikaf” is “Sunnah Kifa’I”, which means it was the practice of the Prophet (SAW), and that at least one individual from each community or locality must perform it. Otherwise, on the Day of Judgment, the entire community would be held accountable for not performing “Itikaf”. One may perform a Nafl type of “Itikaf” in a mosque for one or two days, or even for an hour according to Imam Shafi, Imam Yusuf, and Imam Muhammad, but Itikaf in the month of Ramdhan is essential. Itikaf should be in a mosque where the five daily prayers and even Friday prayer is performed. However, if Friday prayer is not held at that mosque the observer of Itikaf may travel to another nearby mosque, but should not waste time outside. One who is in Itikaf must not go out of mosque but for a reasonable cause such as using the bathroom if it is outside. The women may also perform Itikaf in their homes at their specified prayer areas. In Itikaf, any type of worship of Allah is recommended. These include recitation of the Holy Quran, remembrance of Allah, asking for forgiveness, the study of religious literature etc.

Hazrat Aisha (RA) reports about Prophet Muhammad (SAW): “He used to perform Itikaf in the last ten days of Ramadan.” (Bukhari). From this Hadith it is clear that Itikaf is not something which Prophet (SAW) observed or performed only once in his lifetime, rather he did it on regular basis throughout his life in the last ten days of Ramadan. The biggest virtue of Itikaf is that it occurs in the month of Ramadan and the Muslims are already set for excessive prayers and virtuous deeds. There is no denying the fact that any act of piety and virtue receives multiple times greater reward in Ramadan compared to ordinary days, however, if the last ten days are spent in Itikaf, the blessings and reward increases exponentially. In one of the Hadiths, Prophet Muhammad (SAW) says: “He who observes the ten days Itikaf during Ramadan will obtain the reward of two Hajjs and two Umrahs.” Hence, for a Muslim it is imperative to observe Itikaf whenever the opportunity is available in Ramadan. The month of Ramdhan guarantees freedom from Hell and thus Itikaf is the best practice to protect oneself from Hell. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said in the Hadith: “Whosoever for Allah’s sake did even one days Itikaf, Allah would keep him away from Hell by trenches.”( Tabarani). All the prayers and virtuous deeds in Ramadan are committed with the objective of seeking forgiveness from the previous sins and gaining reward for the good deeds. Therefore, the manifold benefits should be the aim of a Muslim. The Sunnah of Itikaf is a perfect act that provides the chance of gaining these manifold benefits. Therefore, observing Itikaf is an excellent way of doing away with sins and receiving reward from multiple sources. The month of Ramadan in itself is one of the greatest blessings that a Muslim receives in an Islamic calendar. Within this month of blessings, the virtues of Itikaf are also another great advantage and a source of mercy and blessings from Allah that can help a Muslim seek forgiveness from what has forgone and attain reward for the present moment and for the future.

© Greater Kashmir