Nigerian President Bola Tinubu led the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) for just under two years as its rotating chairman. But, in that short period, the main political and economic body in the region witnessed some of the biggest challenges in its history.

With terror attacks and other security concerns ongoing, the ability of ECOWAS to respond to threats has been further reduced following the exit of Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger from the bloc under the leadership of their respective military rulers. Tinubu acknowledged as much in his speech at the ECOWAS summit over the weekend in Nigeria's capital, Abuja.

The president expressed concern about the stalled process of rolling out an expanded ECOWAS Standby Force, which is made up of military, civilian and police components. The force was conceived in 2024 following the departures of the three Sahel nations, which established their own Alliance of Sahel States (AES) in 2023.

"The ECOWAS Standby Force must move from concept to operational reality," Tinubu said, highlighting the need for a ready force to combat terrorism as well as other forms of organized crime in West Africa. "I am a little bit worried about the slow pace of its activation, which is taking longer than desired."

The ECOWAS coffers received a fresh cash injection from the European Union last week of €110 million ($126 million) — though this is still a far cry from the estimated cost of €2.26 billion needed for the activation of the Standby Force.

Though he expressed optimism that Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger would eventually "return to the family," Tinubu said he had exhausted "all diplomatic means to engage........

© Deutsche Welle