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Trump’s big, beautiful bill, explained in 5 charts

8 2
09.06.2025
President Donald Trump, joined by Speaker of the House Mike Johnson, speaks to members of the media as he arrives for a House Republican meeting at the Capitol on May 20, 2025. | Andrew Harnik/Getty Images

The fight over President Donald Trump’s so-called big, beautiful bill is turning ugly.

After passing the GOP-controlled House, the bill has moved to the Senate, where Republicans are facing a bitter divide over how to balance their competing priorities.

They want to extend and expand Trump’s tax cuts, which disproportionately benefit the rich and come at a steep price tag, as well as bolster immigration enforcement and defense spending. However, some are reluctant to do so while increasing the national debt by almost $2.6 trillion and slashing Medicaid benefits.

Republicans want to pass the bill by July 4 through a complex process known as budget reconciliation, which requires only 51 votes to pass. There are 53 Republicans in the Senate, but it’s unclear whether they will be able to resolve their disagreements in time.

Some Republican senators, including Ron Johnson (R-WI.) and Rand Paul (R-KY), have criticized the current version of the bill as unreasonable. Trump megadonor (and newly sworn enemy) Elon Musk has called on lawmakers to rework the legislation, which he dubbed a “disgusting abomination.”

“Call your Senator, Call your Congressman, Bankrupting America is NOT ok! KILL the BILL,” Musk said in a post on X Wednesday.

House Speaker Mike Johnson has said that Musk is “flat wrong” about the bill and that there is not enough time to go back to the drawing board.

So, what exactly is in the bill, and what does it mean — for the deficit and for Americans? We break it down, in charts.

The bill would cause the US deficit to skyrocket

This spending bill is expensive, and short of truly drastic cuts to nearly all social programs (and perhaps not even with such........

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