India stands at a demographic crossroads. While much attention has been given to its youthful population, the country is also witnessing a significant rise in its elderly demographic. By 2031, over 13 per cent of India’s population will be aged 60 and above.

This shift presents both a challenge and an opportunity. If harnessed effectively, India’s aging workforce could become a powerful economic asset ~ a “silver dividend.” Unfortunately, current policies and labour market structures have yet to fully tap into this potential. Despite increasing life expectancy and improving health conditions, labour force participation among India’s elderly remains low. According to recent surveys, only about a quarter of people aged 65 and above are part of the workforce, with stark differences between rural and urban areas. In rural India, labour force participation among the elderly has risen, more due to necessity than choice. Many older adults in villages continue working in........

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