Waste is everywhere — from overflowing bins to plastic-choked landfills. Most of us want to help, but we’re often stuck at step one: figuring out what to do with our waste.

In 2016, the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) reported that while some Indian cities collect up to 90 percent of their waste, the national average hovers around 50 to 60 percent. Worse, only about 10 percent of that waste is actually treated. The rest ends up untreated in dump sites, polluting our cities, air, and water.

That’s why understanding what we’re throwing away — and where it ends up — is such a crucial first step. Once we know the different types of waste, how to separate them, and why it matters, we’re better equipped to take meaningful action.

Here’s a simple, no-jargon guide to help you start making smarter, cleaner choices today.

Waste 101: The big three

Dry Waste: Items like chocolate wrappers, plastic bottles, newspapers, metal cans and containers. These are usually recyclable and don’t decompose.
Tip: Give it a quick rinse before discarding. Clean, dry waste is more likely to get recycled instead of landing in a dump.

Wet Waste: This includes all organic, biodegradable matter — food scraps, vegetable peels, used tea leaves, egg shells. It’s nutrient-rich and great for composting.
Tip: Keep it separate and consider using a composting pot at home or joining a community composting initiative.

Reject Waste: Waste that cannot be recycled or composted, such as sanitary pads, tissues, diapers, and contaminated packaging.
Tip: Wrap such items in newspaper, mark them clearly, and ensure they’re disposed of........

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