Jerusalem/Washington: Israel’s surprise attack on Iran had an obvious goal of sharply disrupting Tehran’s nuclear programme and lengthening the time it would need to develop an atomic weapon.

But the scale of the attacks, Israel’s choice of targets, and its politicians’ own words suggest another, longer-term objective: toppling the regime itself.

The strikes early on Friday (Israel time) hit not just Iran’s nuclear facilities and missile factories but also key figures in the country’s military chain of command and its nuclear scientists.

These blows appear aimed at diminishing Iran’s credibility both at home and among its allies in the region – factors that could destabilise the Iranian leadership, experts said.

“One assumes that one of the reasons that Israel is doing that is that they’re hoping to see regime change,” said Michael Singh of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and a former senior official under President George W. Bush.

“It would like to see the people of Iran rise up,” he said, adding that the limited civilian casualties in the initial round of attacks also spoke to a broader aim.

In a video address shortly after Israeli fighter jets began striking Iranian nuclear facilities and air defence systems, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu appealed to the Iranian people directly.

Israel’s actions against Iran’s ally Hezbollah had led to a new government in Lebanon and the collapse of the Assad regime in Syria, he said. The Iranian people had an opportunity too: “I believe that the day of your liberation is near. And........

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