The Union Budget 2025-26 charts a bold roadmap for India’s energy future, positioning nuclear power as a central pillar in the country’s long-term energy transition strategy. The Modi government has set an ambitious target of achieving 100 GW of nuclear power capacity by 2047, reaffirming its commitment to energy security, sustainability, and self-reliance. This strategic push aligns with the broader Viksit Bharat vision, ensuring a transition to a low-carbon economy while reducing dependence on fossil fuels.

Recognising nuclear power as a clean, reliable, and scalable energy source, the Modi government has launched the Nuclear Energy Mission for Viksit Bharat. This initiative aims to strengthen domestic nuclear capabilities, encourage private sector participation, and accelerate the development of advanced nuclear technologies, including Small Modular Reactors (SMRs).

A landmark allocation of Rs 20,000 crore has been earmarked for SMR research and development, with a target of deploying at least five indigenously designed SMRs by 2033. These reactors, ranging from 30 MWe to over 300 MWe, offer a scalable and cost-effective alternative to conventional large reactors. Their modular nature allows for faster deployment, factory-based manufacturing, and adaptability for various applications, including remote locations and industrial hubs.

To foster private sector investments in nuclear energy, the government plans to amend the Atomic Energy Act and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act. These reforms will create an enabling policy environment and unlock new public-private........

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