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After the BRICS Summit in Rio: Global Governance and Institutional Competition. Part 2
As institutional trust erodes in the West, BRICS is betting that credibility and representativeness, not just financial weight, will shape the future of global governance.
BRICS Signals New Phase in Global Governance Debate
BRICS Signals New Phase in Global Governance Debate
At its 2025 Rio Summit, BRICS doubled down on its ambition to reshape the architecture of global governance. The final summit declaration stresses the group’s commitment to a “more democratic, representative, and equitable international order,” highlighting long-standing frustrations with Western-led institutions. The BRICS bloc reaffirms support for UN reform, particularly expanding the Security Council to better reflect today’s geopolitical realities—including stronger representation for developing nations.
The text positions BRICS as both a reformer and an alternative to existing global institutions. Emphasis on strengthening BRICS’s own bodies—notably the New Development Bank (NDB) and BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement. These mechanisms are not framed as parallel systems but as complementary instruments aiming to “reinforce South-South cooperation” and “promote financial stability.”
Importantly, the bloc supports a multipolar world where “no one country or group dominates.” While affirming principles of sovereignty and non-intervention, BRICS challenges the legitimacy of sanctions not approved by the UN Security Council. With this, the group is carving out a narrative that mixes institutional competition with legitimacy claims, asserting that a post-Western order must reflect the needs and voices of the Global South.
Reforming the International Order: Constructive Force or Counterbalance?
The question whether BRICS functions as a constructive force reshaping global governance or merely a counterbalance to existing powers reveals fundamental disagreements among the experts consulted about the bloc’s ultimate purpose. Pakistani analyst Naik Wazir captures this duality: “BRICS acts as a counterbalance to Western-led institutions by offering........
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