By Dr. Tanveer Ahmad Khan

In the ever-evolving landscape of Indian politics, the phenomenon of political candidates switching parties for personal gain has become a cyclical theme. This trend, often referred to as the “Aaya Ram Gaya Ram” syndrome, highlights the lack of ideological commitment among politicians and the opportunistic nature of party politics. The phrase, coined in the 1960s after a Haryana MLA, Gaya Lal, switched parties multiple times in a single day, has become synonymous with political defections. Today, this practice is not only normalised but also accommodated by political parties, often at the cost of democratic principles and public trust. The recent efforts by the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) in Jammu and Kashmir to allegedly bring back defectors to revive its diminishing fortunes is a case in point, raising critical questions about the ethics of such practices and the role of voters in holding politicians accountable.

The Aaya Ram Gaya Ram Syndrome in Modern Politics

The Aaya Ram Gaya Ram culture reflects a deeper malaise in Indian politics: the erosion of ideological integrity. Political parties, once defined by their distinct ideologies and visions for society, have increasingly become vehicles for power consolidation rather than instruments of change. In this environment, politicians often prioritise personal interests—such as securing ministerial positions, avoiding legal troubles, or gaining financial benefits—over the interests of their constituents. This has led to a situation where party-hopping is not only accepted but also rewarded. Modern party politics has further institutionalised this trend. Parties, desperate to expand their influence or secure a majority, often welcome defectors with open arms, offering them lucrative positions and tickets to contest elections. This transactional approach undermines the........

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