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Foreign Affairs |
Six months in, the U.S. and Israeli war on Iran has settled into a stalemate. Neither Washington nor Tehran can achieve a clear military or diplomatic...
New Threats Demand a New Homeland Defense
In July, Bloomberg reported that for the first time in roughly two decades of Pew Research Center global polling, the world now views China more...
The Netanyahu Doctrine Could Outlast Netanyahu
America Needs Its Neighbors to Counter China
How to Head Off a New Arms Competition
In early April, a convoy of 299 Iraqi fuel tankers crossed into Syria on its way to the Mediterranean port of Baniyas, one of the few remaining paths...
Spy Hunting Shores Up Putin’s Power—but Paralyzes the State
In a 1987 New York Times advertisement, long before he became president, Donald Trump insisted that “America should stop paying to defend countries...
Who Will Bear the Costs of a Global Trade Adjustment?
The Middle East is no stranger to conflict. But even by its standards, the last six months have been extraordinarily chaotic. Ever since the United...
But Trump’s Coercion Could Force Modi’s Hand
How many nuclear weapons is enough? The question has haunted policymakers and scholars for 80 years. Early in the Cold War, the United States expanded...
Transforming the Military Has Changed the War—and Upended Politics
The debate about American grand strategy has long been shaped by familiar schools of thought: restraint, liberal internationalism, and primacy. But...
Trump’s War Has Brought American Strategy to a Dead End
For more than 25 years, Thailand’s conservative establishment and opposition forces have been locked in a struggle for the soul of the country....
The frontlines of the war in Ukraine run not just through floodplains and shattered towns but also through a more nebulous kind of terrain: the realm...
The Real History of Beijing’s Rare-Earth Dominance
The American Middle East is finished. The regional order that has prevailed since 1991 has been one of the many casualties of the U.S.-Israeli war...
For years, international discussion of China’s economic rise has focused on how it has built a manufacturing and export powerhouse and used...
Over the past decade, there has been a growing consensus that democracies around the world are facing a crisis from within. According to a 2025 Pew...
Why Washington Still Risks Losing the Tech Race
When people think about the risks of mixing AI and armed forces, their thoughts often drift to one famous film franchise: the Terminator. Its premise...
Pathbreaking scientific discoveries can create transformational possibilities. They can also create catastrophic risks. The integration of artificial...
In 1984, months after the Reagan administration’s decision to deploy Pershing II intermediate-range nuclear missiles to Western Europe brought...
For decades, Beijing has used trade not only as a means to generate economic growth but also as a geopolitical tool to attract investment, strengthen...
Pathbreaking scientific discoveries can create transformational possibilities. They can also create catastrophic risks. The integration of artificial...
Learning to Live in a Post-American World
For anyone under 30 years old, it must be difficult to fully appreciate the fear that gripped the United States after September 11, 2001. On that...
For decades, observers have chalked up Africa’s slow economic growth to corruption, weak institutions, and poor leadership. But these explanations...
How Washington’s Fear of Chinese Investment Hurts American Competitiveness
In the five years since the Taliban seized power in Kabul on August 15, 2021, Afghan women have become the most persistent source of resistance to the...
Hormuz and the New Geography of Energy Power
Since early 2025, the United States has made significant diplomatic efforts to end the war in Ukraine. Negotiators have met in Abu Dhabi, Berlin,...
Since early 2025, the United States has made significant diplomatic efforts to end the war in Ukraine. Negotiators have met in Abu Dhabi, Berlin,...
How Overcapacity Ends
Sometime in the next few weeks, U.S. federal government debt will reach $40 trillion. The United States now owes roughly as much as all the other...
The Perverse Incentives for Presidents to Use Military Force
The quest for machine superintelligence is not merely a gold rush, motivated by money. In the minds of many of its leaders, the arrival of a new form...
Fragile states, almost by definition, never have it easy. But for the roughly 60 poor countries that lack the capacity to perform basic...
How Beijing Turned its Food Insecurity Into Geopolitical Leverage
For China, Northeast Asia remains the weak spot in its attempt to secure its immediate borders. Tensions between North Korea and South Korea are...
In May, China’s Ministry of Commerce took an unprecedented step: it ordered Chinese firms to disregard U.S. sanctions against five domestic refiners...
In foreign policy, good ideas often emerge from bad decisions. Such was the case with the Powell Doctrine, a term typically associated with the...
In May, China’s Ministry of Commerce took an unprecedented step: it ordered Chinese firms to disregard U.S. sanctions against five domestic refiners...
Russia’s Coming Succession Crisis
The war with Iran is an epic disaster. The United States and Israel launched an unnecessary campaign that has violated international law, killed at...
The architects of the neoliberal economic order promised that it would usher in a new age of global wealth, economic security, and democracy. Yet over...
As the United States’ five-month-old war with Iran continues to evolve, Tehran’s ability to continue punishing the United States and its allies...
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