The 2024 Lok Sabha elections in India have marked a significant shift in the country’s political landscape. For the first time since 2014, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has not secured an outright majority, forming the government with the support of its allies in the National Democratic Alliance (NDA). Simultaneously, the opposition has received a boost, with Rahul Gandhi emerging as the Leader of Opposition after a decade-long hiatus from the role. The Parliament showdown between Rahul and Modi was indeed intense and significant. This scenario underscores the importance of a multifaceted opposition in a vibrant democracy, as opposed to a binary choice between two dominant figures — Narendra Modi and Rahul Gandhi.

A binary political landscape, where the electorate is presented with a choice between two dominant figures, often undermines the democratic ethos. This binary framework tends to simplify complex political issues into a contest of personalities rather than policies, reducing the rich tapestry of political discourse into a mere popularity contest. When democracy is reduced to a binary choice, the nuances of governance, the diversity of opinion, and the multiplicity of interests that a truly representative government must address are overshadowed.

In the context of India, the Modi vs Rahul narrative has been a recurrent theme in electoral politics. Narendra Modi, with his strongman image and charismatic appeal, has dominated the political scene for over a decade. On the other hand, Rahul Gandhi, often portrayed as the reluctant prince of the Congress party, has struggled to match Modi’s popularity but........

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