India is experiencing an early heatwave season this year, with temperatures soaring to uncomfortable levels. As early as February, Mumbai recorded a temperature of 38.7°C, prominently higher than the usual average for the time of year (between 25°C and 30°C).

Several other parts of India are also witnessing unusually high temperatures. Delhi, for example, experienced its warmest February in 74 years in 2025. In Karnataka, the Health Department has issued a warning, urging residents to take precautions. Odisha, too, is expecting its hottest summer.

But why are we seeing such unseasonal heatwaves, and what are the underlying causes? Let’s explore.

A dry winter season

India experienced an exceptionally dry winter, with rainfall levels significantly below the expected amounts, contributing to an early onset of heatwaves. The country recorded only 1.4 mm of rainfall throughout February, which is 93% less than the usual 21.3 mm expected during this period.

The dryness can be attributed to several factors. The Economic Times quoted an India Meteorological Department (IMD) official as attributing this dryness primarily to fluctuating winds. The result: clear skies and a rapid rise in temperatures.

A weakening La Niña phase

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