Understanding the human cell is vital to progress in the life sciences and to human health. Cells are the smallest, most basic unit of life responsible for all of life’s processes. A typical human cell has a cell membrane that is filled with a jelly-like fluid called the cytoplasm. Cytoplasm contains structures called organelles that perform functions similar to major organs in adult bodies. For example, the mitochondria are the lungs of the cell. The nucleus is another organelle. It contains the genetic material as DNA. In addition to 37 organelles, each human cell contains about 12,000 proteins that amount to 42 million protein molecules.

About 10,000 average-sized human cells can fit on the head of a pin. Despite their minuscule size, these tiny biological machines are surprisingly efficient, intelligent and possess remarkable memory.

We do not generally think of the cells in our bodies as intelligent or storing data other than those relevant to their function. However, our cells process information and engage in purposeful behaviour. They are comparable but a lot smarter and caring (yes) to computer chips referred to as artificial intelligence. Like AI, cells change and learn from experience, while unlike computer chips they arrive naturally preprogrammed.

A significant portion of their activity is devoted to self-maintenance and supporting the well-being of neighboring cells. Cell communication plays a vital role in maintaining tissue balance, coordinating specific cellular activities, and responding to environmental signals.

Cells can talk and help one another by way of the recently discovered tiny tube........

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