Some people believe that parenting doesn’t have that much influence on the child and adolescent’s development.

After all, nature can predominate over nurture, and there are so many other factors besides parents (like social circumstances, innate characteristics, chance occurrences, peer influences, personal choices, and cultural components) that can play a formative role in the young person’s growth.

Of course, the adolescent understands a truth about parental influence that the little child did not. Emancipated from younger illusions about parental power, the teenager is freed by liberation thinking:

In adolescence, the mindset of independence arrives long before it is........

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