The author says Gulf hosts now doubt the value of U.S. bases after the Iran war: WaPo/Zakaria on squandered credibility, a Gulf official that “Trump started this war and we are paying the price,” plus a reported threat to bomb Oman if it helps reopen Hormuz.

Iran hit countries used as U.S. launch pads; there was no regime change and Hormuz stayed shut—so the “protection shield” looks broken and the Aug. 7 Makkah pact (attack-on-one clause) plus Turkey and Pakistan are framed as the substitute architecture.

Gaza and other regional wars are listed as extra trust loss; citing Steven Cook, he concludes a U.S.-led Middle East order is ending even if Washington remains a player—security alignment will be more local.

The U.S. has been a key player in the affairs of the Middle East, where it has played a hegemonic role since the disintegration of the former USSR and the Iraq-Kuwait war in the early 1990s. Its, primary interests were to protect Israel, to ensure the free flow of oil, and to export weapons to the regional countries. Moreover, it remained involved in weakening Iran and Iraq including its major opponents.

A renowned American newspaper The Washington Post writes that some of America,s allies of the Middle Eastern Gulf region are considering of........

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