COP28 should have officially concluded at Dubai on December 12, 2023. However, the deadlock due to difference of views on overcoming climate issues have persisted. There have been considerable discussions and wrangling over what the final version of the agreement should look like and there have been differences with regard to the language of the resolution and therefore it became a stumbling block in finalisation of the text of the resolution. Of course, now that COP28 has ended, finalisation of the language of the resolution is no substitute for actual achievements on the ground.

A new draft of a COP28 agreement, published by the United Arab Emirates’ presidency of the summit listed eight options that countries could implement to cut emissions, including reducing both consumption and production of fossil fuels, in a just, orderly and equitable manner, so as to achieve net zero by, before, or around the year 2050.

The fact is that such need to reduce and ultimately eliminate the production and consumption of fossil fuel such as coal, crude oil, natural gas has been repeatedly stressed during several climate meets earlier that took place in various locations such as Paris, Glasgow, Egypt and others. However, all such targets to reduce the consumption of fossil fuel have........

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