HATE speech is not confined to words; in fact, there is a causal link between hateful rhetoric and real-world violence. That is why today, as we observe the International Day for Countering Hate Speech, states worldwide must re-examine their efforts to counter violent and hateful speech both online and in the real world.

This year’s theme is ‘Hate speech and artificial intelligence’. As the UN chief notes, “biased algorithms and digital platforms are spreading toxic content and creating new spaces for harassment and abuse”.

In Pakistan, we have witnessed the deadly consequences of ignoring hate speech, as extremist groups have used online platforms — along with more traditional methods — to mobilise against certain communities.

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© Dawn