‘A resilient society is able to react to and respond after a shock. Resilience even opens new doors to enhanced growth and sustainability. …The concept of resilience can also be linked to the concept of sustainability… A development is sustainable if it can be maintained in the long run. Resilience is essential for sustainability. It prevents a person or society from falling off a cliff after being hit by a shock. …a resilient society will enjoy stronger growth over the long run because it will better absorb shocks.

For that reason, a resilient society is better equipped to take risks. …As long as the economy is resilient, it will bounce back from temporary disruptions. …The concept of resilience is clearly relevant to the analysis of financial markets and macroeconomic policies. …As it is true in advanced economies, resilience in EMDEs [emerging and developing economies] also involves health resilience. …If international support is feasible, it would foster global resilience. …We all know that climate change is one of the largest challenges of our times.

But we rarely consider the potential impact of man-made climate change on humanity’s resilience. …Because we cannot avoid shocks as the world evolves, it is crucial for societies to be resilient – to be able to bounce back.’ — Excerpts from the 2021 published book ‘The resilient society’ by Markus K. Brunnermeier

In a world of overlapping crises of a polycrisis nature, which include the existential threat of climate change crisis, and the associated ‘Pandemicene’ phenomenon, it is important in general to formulate policy in an interconnected way for economy, environment, and epidemiology, and in the specific case of countries of weak democratic credentials like Pakistan, to include elections.

Given both the fast-unfolding nature of existential threats, and that making a dent in any one of these aspects requires dealing with all four of them, there is a need for taking a purpose-driven,........

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