Azerbaijan is steadily reclaiming its place as a regional powerhouse in fertiliser production. Long before the fall of the Soviet Union, the country was home to several large chemical and fertiliser plants producing ammonium nitrate, urea, and other key components that supported not only domestic agriculture but also fed the demands of a vast Eurasian supply chain.

The dissolution of the USSR dealt a heavy blow to this proud legacy. Like many industries across the former Soviet space, Azerbaijan’s fertiliser production facilities struggled to survive. Cut off from both the centralised distribution systems and major export markets, the industry gradually withered. Once self-sufficient, Azerbaijan became dependent on fertiliser imports, a significant shift for a country with deep roots in agricultural chemistry.

But Azerbaijan never accepted this decline as permanent. Starting in the 2010s, the country initiated bold steps to restore its industrial capabilities. Several companies were established to pave the way for a chemical renaissance. However, the true turning point came in January 2019 with the commissioning of the SOCAR Carbamide Plant in Sumgait.

This plant was not just a new........

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