Azerbaijan’s domestic debt strategy strengthens fiscal sovereignty
In an era of global economic uncertainty, Azerbaijan’s fiscal posture stands out for a reason that may surprise casual observers: its domestic debt now significantly exceeds its external debt. As of October 1, 2025, the........





















Toi Staff
Gideon Levy
Tarik Cyril Amar
Sabine Sterk
Stefano Lusa
Mort Laitner
Mark Travers Ph.d
Ellen Ginsberg Simon
Gilles Touboul
John Nosta