In recent years, the concept of the Global South has evolved from a political term of convenience to a realignment of global power dynamics. As underscored by Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev's remarks on the occasion of his meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping, the Global South is not just asserting itself; it is rewriting the rules of international engagement. From multilateral diplomacy to economic coordination, nations such as China and Azerbaijan are crafting a new narrative that challenges the established hierarchy and advocates for a more equitable global order.

At the heart of this transformation is the principle of multilateralism, which both countries espouse. Azerbaijan's chairmanship of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) from 2019 to 2023 was marked by a concerted effort to give the bloc renewed relevance. As the second-largest international organization after the UN, NAM is uniquely positioned to act as a counterweight to Western-led alliances. Under Azerbaijan’s stewardship, the movement pursued policy coordination among developing nations, advocated for equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines, and foregrounded the interests of small and medium-sized states often left out of global decision-making processes.

China, for its part, has been the standard-bearer of the "community of common destiny"........

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