Azerbaijan–Russia relations have been one of their most turbulent phases in recent memory. Since December 2024, tensions have spiked after an Azerbaijan Airlines (AZAL) plane was shot down by Russian air defences, crashing near Aktau, Kazakhstan, and claiming 38 lives. President Ilham Aliyev has demanded that Moscow formally admit responsibility, prosecute those at fault, compensate the victims’ families, and reimburse the Azerbaijan state property — demands that remain unmet despite Putin’s partial apology.

Recently, the Russian Foreign Ministry claimed that insurance payouts have already been made to passengers and........

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