By all measures, the South Caucasus is standing at a historic moment. For the first time in decades, the prospects for a peace agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia are within real reach. Constructive negotiations are bringing the two sides closer to ending years of hostility and building a framework for sustainable coexistence. Yet, just as diplomacy begins to show tangible results, familiar obstacles are re-emerging—this time in the halls of the US Congress.

During a session on May 21, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio addressed concerns about the region, noting, "There is a real danger of conflict, which we are trying to prevent. Our teams are actively working in that direction." Secretary Rubio's remarks, grounded in a balanced understanding of the region's complexities, reiterated the United States' commitment to peacebuilding efforts in the South Caucasus. Importantly, he acknowledged the challenges of dealing with nations that may not fully align with American governance models, but emphasized the need to pursue diplomacy in the service of national and global interests.

However, it was the question posed by Congressman Christopher Smith, co-chair of the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission, that raised eyebrows. Smith accused Azerbaijan of committing genocide against Armenians and holding political prisoners, calling for increased pressure on Baku. While such language may resonate with certain domestic audiences, it reflects a broader strategy long........

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