Understanding the Calamities of Childhood
Unfortunately, a lot can go wrong in a child’s development. In the field of child psychology, we call them adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Some ACEs include natural disasters, loss of a loved one, housing instability, and the list goes on. These events can contribute to childhood trauma and may be a risk factor for mental and physical health concerns later in life.
On the other hand, a lot can go right in childhood if the child is brought up in a loving and consistent household and without unexpected negative events. Even in these households, there are many challenges to overcome,........





















Toi Staff
Gideon Levy
Tarik Cyril Amar
Stefano Lusa
Mort Laitner
Robert Sarner
Mark Travers Ph.d
Andrew Silow-Carroll
Constantin Von Hoffmeister
Ellen Ginsberg Simon