SEPTEMBER 8 is observed globally as International Literacy Day, reminding us that literacy is a foundation for human development, opportunity and participation. UNESCO has observed the day since 1967. In 2026, International Literacy Day marks its 60th anniversary under the theme “Literacy for people, the planet and prosperity.” The theme reminds us that literacy must evolve with changing needs. For public health, this discussion has another dimension: health literacy.

Being able to read and write does not necessarily mean that a person can understand a prescription, interpret a laboratory report, evaluate health information on social media or make an informed decision about vaccination. The World Health Organization describes health literacy as the ability to access, understand, appraise and use information and services in ways that promote and maintain health and well-being.

This matters in Pakistan, where families make........

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