OVER the past five years, the environment for journalists and news outlets in Afghanistan has suffered a dramatic collapse. What began as simple administrative rules has turned into a strict system of censorship, fear and control. According to a comprehensive assessment by Reporters Without Borders (RSF), the Taliban regime has effectively transformed independent journalism into a tool for state propaganda.

The decline of press freedom happened in stages, driven by dozens of official rules and local decrees. In September 2021, the regime introduced 11 strict rules that gave officials direct control over news production. Over time, these regulations prohibited critical coverage and severely restricted who could speak on air. By September 2024, live political programs were completely banned and outlets were forced to host only government approved experts. Questioning Taliban laws or........

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