ADVENT of nuclear technology was truly a revolution in military affairs (RMA) that, due to its ability to cause colossal damage and destruction, required stringent regulations, state monopolization and installing non-proliferation regime. The events of 6th and 9th August 1945, when USA’s first ever use of nuclear weapons against Japan during the World War-II, resulted in over 250,000 deaths, compelled the world leaders to contemplate: (i) nuclear weapons must never be used as weapons to fight wars, (ii) possession of nuclear weapons along with will and means of their delivery in the form of triad is a deterrence that can never be ignored, (iii) advertent or inadvertent use of nuclear weapons by a nuclear State against another nuclear State means, ‘Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)’, (iv) protection of non-nuclear States against the nuclear States through incorporation of Positive Security Assurances (PSAs) and Negative Security Assurances (NSAs) is a non-conclusive arrangement and (v) introduction of nuclear non-proliferation, strategic arms control and arms limitations regime in terms of Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty(NPT), Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG), Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START/New START), Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) etc.

In the post-World War-II geopolitical setup, the P-5 nuclear States acquired Veto Power........

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