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New Delhi: Amnesty International on July 29 accused India of continuing to supply weapons, ammunition and military components to Israel despite “clear and public warnings” about alleged war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide in Gaza, saying New Delhi had become “a significant actor in the supply chains enabling Israel’s military operations.”

In a 42-page report titled ‘Made in India: The Supply of Weapons and Ammunition to Israel,’ Amnesty said it had identified 2,596 shipments of small arms, ammunition and military vehicle components exported from India to Israel between the start of Israel’s military campaign in Gaza following the October 7, 2023 Hamas attacks and November 30, 2025.

Drawing on publicly available shipment-level trade data, the international human rights advocacy group said its investigation documented “the scope and magnitude of India’s material support for the Israeli defence sector and the genocide against Palestinians in Gaza”.

Its investigators said they had conservatively identified exports of at least 390,516 small arms parts for military-grade weapons, 564,970 explosive ordnance components, including drone warheads and artillery shell casings, and 298 military vehicle components.

Amnesty argued that while some countries supplying Israel had come under sustained international scrutiny, others had largely escaped attention. “India has become a significant actor in the supply chains enabling Israel’s military operations, including those that Amnesty International, the UN and local NGOs have determined amount to genocide,” it asserted.

By July 1, more than 73,000 Palestinians had been killed and over 173,500 injured, according to figures from the Palestinian health ministry cited by the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. More than 1,000 of those deaths occurred after the October 10, 2025 ceasefire. The companies behind the exports

Against that backdrop, Amnesty identified nine Indian companies that it said continued exporting “weapons, ammunition, parts and components or dual-use items to Israel long after clear and public warnings had been made regarding the possible commission of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide in the Gaza Strip by the Israeli armed forces and decision makers.”

Three of those companies, the report noted, are defence public sector undertakings operating under the Ministry of Defence and “directly owned and operated by the Government of India”.

According to Amnesty, Munitions India Limited exported 1,000 155-mm high-explosive artillery rounds to Elbit Systems, while Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited supplied 120 81-mm mortar launchers to the Israeli company in February 2024. A third state-owned company, India Optel Limited, exported 178 semiconductor items, including vanadium oxide sensors, to Semiconductor Devices Ltd, which the report described as a joint venture between Elbit Systems and Rafael Advanced Defense Systems.

Amnesty argued that the ownership and control exercised by the Indian government over the three companies meant their exports should be treated as acts of the state itself. Applying the test laid down by a seven-judge Constitution Bench of........

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