Texas lawmakers voted late Wednesday to ban transgender people from public restrooms that match their gender identity, sending the measure to Republican Gov. Greg Abbott after nearly a decade of failed attempts.

Texas Senate Bill 8 bars transgender people from using multiple-occupancy bathrooms and changing rooms that align with their identity in schools and government-owned buildings. It mandates that inmates in state custody are housed according to their “biological sex,” and bans transgender women from women’s domestic violence shelters, unless they are the dependent of a cisgender woman also receiving services.

The bill sets a $25,000 violation for jurisdictions and government agencies that violate the new policy, and a $125,000 fine for a second offense. Each day of continued violation constitutes a........

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