First Amendment

Florida Legislators Advance a Bill Authorizing Government Surveillance Based on 'Views' or 'Opinions'

House and Senate committees were unfazed by the obvious First Amendment problems with the proposed Statewide Counterintelligence and Counterterrorism Unit.

Jacob Sullum | 3.5.2026 4:55 PM

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A bill that was advancing in the Florida Legislature as of last week would authorize government surveillance of people whose "views" or "opinions" are deemed "a threat" to state or national "interests." What could possibly go wrong?

"This outrageous claim of authority would be a profound betrayal of Americans' First Amendment rights," Carolyn Iodice, legislative and policy director at the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression, warns in a press release. "Imagine being arrested or having your home raided because the government has decided that your opinions are a 'threat' or simply don't align with its interests. This puts everyone's free speech rights at risk. Even if your views aren't in the state's crosshairs today, they could be tomorrow. Free societies do not investigate or arrest their own citizens for their opinions."

The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) of Florida also had "grave concerns" about the bill. It "could easily be used to silence dissenting voices under the guise of security," ACLU of Florida strategist Abdelilah Skhir told Florida Politics last month. "The vague and overbroad language could easily be weaponized against everyday Floridians engaged in First Amendment protected activity."

State Rep. Danny Alvarez (R–Riverview), who filed the bill on December 30, did not understand what all the fuss was about. He said he was simply trying to combat threats such as "drug cartels," "terrorist organizations," and foreign "intelligence entities." Last week, the Florida Phoenix reported that "Alvarez said it's only been in the past week that he's become aware of First Amendment concerns."

Alvarez's bill, H.B. 945, would create a Statewide Counterintelligence and Counterterrorism Unit within the Florida Department of Law Enforcement, consisting of "at least seven" 10-member teams. The unit would be charged with "identify[ing] threats by analyzing patterns of........

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