US President Donald Trump’s latest travel ban for nationals of 12 countries is a textbook example of how a controversial policy can be reintroduced under a new guise — more polished, more calculated, and far more difficult to challenge in court. While the countries targeted have changed slightly and the rhetoric has softened, the underlying message remains unmistakable: immigration is once again being framed primarily as a threat to national security. The legal finesse behind this new iteration reveals just how much the administration has learned since 2017.

That first ban, hastily announced and poorly structured, sparked chaos in airports and fury on the streets. It was criticized not only for its discriminatory nature but also for its sloppiness — lacking clarity, scope, and legal robustness. This time, the administration appears determined not to repeat those tactical mistakes. Carefully crafted language, clearly defined........

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