It is natural that various aspects of Operation Sindoor are being analysed — including how India achieved its operational aim despite the adversary being a nuclear nation, and how this marked a first-of-its-kind action globally. However, another significant strategic leap has been taken — one that will shortly be recognised by the world and likely emulated in future conflicts. The manner in which this war has been fought has become a new normal, wherein Multi-Domain Operations (MDOs) are being conducted using predominantly technology-infused combat systems.

The notion of victory in such conflicts has also evolved. The adage ‘One may lose battles but must win the war’ defined victory during the world wars and earlier periods. It remained relevant for much later, as the winning side in a war could determine the timing and terms of its conclusion. A few losses along the way were not considered significant compared to achieving a decisive end state. Countries, accordingly, shaped their strategies around this idea.

While focusing on the end state seemed logical, a large number of countries also began placing emphasis on not losing even an inch of territory, however temporarily — as such losses were perceived as infringements on sovereignty. Military practitioners found this shift challenging, yet had little choice. Thus, ‘not........

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