In August 2025, Pakistan found itself grappling with a devastating flood crisis that began with India’s sudden, unannounced and uncoordinated release of water from upstream dams in Jammu & Kashmir. The deluge surged into Pakistan’s eastern rivers—Ravi, Chenab and Sutlej—triggering widespread destruction across Punjab and setting the stage for further inundation downstream in Sindh. The timing and scale of the water release, which coincided with already heavy monsoon rains, overwhelmed the river systems and left little room for preparation or mitigation.

India’s decision to open all floodgates of major dams without prior coordination or sufficient warning was widely condemned across Pakistan and at international level as well, reportedly President Trump was vocal on it. Officials and analysts described the move as a form of “water warfare,” citing its timing and disregard for downstream impact. The abrupt surge of water not........

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